inglese - usi del verbo to be

 inlgese - usi del verbo to be

TO BE COME VERBO ORDINARIO

per evidenziare esistenza e per dare informazioni su una persona o su una cosa

there is a tree in the garden

there are some trees in the garden

There isn’t any trees

Are there any trees in the garden

John is a teacher

Irland is an island

IT IS OPPURE THERE IS

In espressioni di tempo e data

What time is it ? It’s eleven o’clock

what date is it? It’s november 4

In espressioni di distanza

It will be a long time before he meet him again

It is no far to the nearest city

In espressioni di tempo meteorologico e temperatura

It is hot

It will be foggy

In domanda e risposta sull’identità

it’s his sister

In frasi dove un infinito è il soggetto

It is difficult to see why she left

In frasi in cui tutta una frase è il soggetto

It is possible that he never intended to shoot her

per dare speciale enfasi a una parola o frase

It was pollution that killed some animals

qualche esempio per evitare confusione

it is e there is

It is foggy there is fog

It was very wet There was a lot of rain

It is + aggettivo there is + nome

it is e there is nella distanza e nel tempo

It is long way still to go

there is a long way still to go (a large part of our journey still lies ahead for us)

ALTRO USO DI TO BE

utilizzato per

CONDIZIONI MENTALI E FISICHE

I’m cold

He is excited

con certi aggettivi si può utilizzare la forma continuous

quiet / noisy good /bad wise / foolish

he is being foolish

anche con gli aggettivi economical / extravagant generous / mean clever / stupid helpful /un helpful selfish unselfish cautious / rash polite,funny, difficult, annoying, irritating, formal, mysterious

si utilizza per l’età

How old are you ? I’m 56

taglia e peso

How tall are you ? What is your weigth ? I’m am 1,65 metres , I’m 65 kilos

prezzi

How much is these apples ? They are 5 euros

inglese - il verbo to be

inglese - il verbo to be 

L’AUSILIARE BE

TO BE

BE               WAS                      BEEN

PRESENT

AFFERMATI                               NEGATIVO                                 INTERROGATIVO

I am (I’m)                                      I am (I’m) not                                             am I ?

You are (you’re)                              you are not (aren’t)                              are you ?

she / he / it is ( she’s /he’s / it’s)     she he it is not (isn’t)                   is he / she /it ?

we are (we’re)                                 we are not (aren’t)                             are we ?

you are (you’re)                             you are not (aren’t)                           are you ?

they are (they’re)                             they are not (aren’t)                        are they ?

Un’altra forma di negazione contratta you’re not / he’s not. L’interrogativa non è contratta.

La forma interrogativa è am I not? / are you not ?

PAST SIMPLE

AFFERMATIVO                                            NEGATIVO                             INTERROGATIVO

I was                                                              I was not (wasn’t)                      was I ?

you were                                                      you were not (weren’                  were you ?

She / he / it was                                          she / he / it was not (isn’t)              was she /he / it ?

We were                                                    we were not (weren’t )                    were we ?

You were                                                  you were not (weren’t)                    were you ?

They were                                               they were not (weren’t)                        were they?

L’interrogativa negativa Was I not ? Were you not?

inglese - to be ausiliare

 inglese to be come ausiliare

be è utilizzato nelle forme continuous He

is working                  will be working ecc.

nella forma passiva He was followed he is being followed

be può anche essere utilizzato nella forma passiva continuous

They are carrying him

he is being carrying

usato con l’infinito

no one is to leave the building without the permission of the police (no one must leave)

E’ un modo impersonale di dare istruzioni è utilizzato alla terza persona, quando si utilizza you significa che chi parla vuole dare istruzioni per conto di altri

you are to stay here

E’ utilizzato per convenire un piano

she is to be married next month

utilizzato nei quotidiani

the Prime Minister is to make a statement tomorrow

be può anche essere omesso

the Prime Minister to make a statement tomorrow

nella forma passata

He was to go

he was to have gone

was e were + infinito può esprimere un’ida di destino

they said goodbye, they were never to meet again

be about +infinito esprime immediato futuro

they are about to start ( sono sul punto di iniziare)

just può essere aggiunto per farlo diventare ancora più immediato

they are just about to start